H3C交换机全场景命令手册(企业级实战版)

Lear 2025-06-07 10:00:00
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H3C交换机全场景命令手册(企业级实战版)

一、基础系统配置

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# 进入系统视图
system-view
# 查看系统版本
display version
display device manuinfo

# 配置管理VLAN(Web登录基础)
vlan 99
description Management_VLAN
quit
interface Vlan-interface99
ip address 10.1.99.254 255.255.255.0
quit

# 配置Telnet远程管理(密码+用户名)
line vty 0 4
authentication-mode scheme
user-role network-admin
quit
local-user admin
password simple P@ssw0rd123
service-type telnet
authorization-attribute user-role network-admin
quit

二、VLAN全流程配置

2.1 基础VLAN划分

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# 批量创建VLAN
vlan batch 10 20 30 to 40

# 配置Access端口
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
port link-mode bridge
port access vlan 10
broadcast-suppression 20% # 抑制广播风暴

# 配置Trunk端口(允许多VLAN)
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24
port link-type trunk
port trunk permit vlan 10 20
port trunk pvid vlan 10

2.2 基于协议的VLAN(语音流量分离)

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vlan 100
protocol-vlan ipv4 # 匹配IPv4协议
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/10
port link-type hybrid
port hybrid vlan 100 tagged
port hybrid protocol-vlan vlan 100 1 # 优先级映射

三、IRF堆叠配置(核心功能)

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# 配置物理堆叠端口
interface range Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/49 to Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/50
shutdown # 先关闭端口
port link-mode route # 切换为路由模式(物理连接)
quit

# 启用IRF模式
irf member 1 priority 120 # 主设备优先级
irf-port 1/1
port group interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/49
port group interface Ten-GigabitEthernet1/0/50
quit
save force # 强制保存配置
reboot # 重启生效

四、安全防护命令集

4.1 端口安全

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# MAC地址绑定
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/8
port-security enable
port-security mac-address sticky 0001-0203-0405
port-security max-mac-count 3 # 最大学习数量

4.2 DHCP Snooping

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dhcp snooping enable
vlan 10
dhcp snooping enable
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5
dhcp snooping trust # 指定信任端口

4.3 防ARP欺骗

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arp detection enable
arp detection trust interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 # 指定信任上行口

五、路由协议配置

5.1 静态路由

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ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.100.1 preference 60

5.2 OSPF动态路由

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ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
area 0
network 10.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255

5.3 VLAN间路由(SVI配置)

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interface Vlan-interface10
ip address 10.1.10.254 255.255.255.0
interface Vlan-interface20
ip address 10.1.20.254 255.255.255.0

**

六、QoS流量控制

6.1 限速策略

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traffic classifier video operator and
if-match dscp ef # 匹配视频流量
traffic behavior video
car cir 20000 cbs 375000 # 承诺速率20Mbps
qos policy Video_Policy
classifier video behavior video
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/18
qos apply policy Video_Policy inbound

6.2 优先级标记

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traffic classifier VOIP
if-match dscp 46
traffic behavior VOIP
remark dot1p 5 # 标记802.1p优先级

七、高级排错命令

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 # 实时流量监控
display interface GigabitEthernet1/0/24 # 查看带宽利用率

# MAC地址追踪
display mac-address | include 5489.98c3.5d6a # 定位终端位置

# 环回检测(解决网络风暴)
loopback-detection enable
loopback-detection interval-time 30 # 30秒检测周期

# 抓包分析(镜像端口)
mirroring-group 1 remote-source
mirroring-group 1 remote-probe vlan 100
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
mirroring-group 1 monitor-port # 镜像到1号端口

八、配置文件管理

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 # 备份配置到FTP服务器
ftp 10.1.99.100
put flash:/config.cfg /backup/h3c_switch.cfg

# 恢复出厂设置(慎用!)
reset save-configuration
reboot